• 首页
  • 电视
  • 电影

文明

Civilisations,Civilizations(美),Civilisations - L'arte nel tempo(意),Цивилизации(俄)

主演:西蒙·沙玛,玛丽·比尔德,戴维·奥卢索加

类型:电视地区:英国语言:英语年份:2018

《文明》剧照

文明 剧照 NO.1文明 剧照 NO.2文明 剧照 NO.3文明 剧照 NO.4文明 剧照 NO.5文明 剧照 NO.6文明 剧照 NO.13文明 剧照 NO.14文明 剧照 NO.15文明 剧照 NO.16文明 剧照 NO.17文明 剧照 NO.18文明 剧照 NO.19文明 剧照 NO.20

《文明》剧情介绍

文明电视免费高清在线观看全集。
BBC新版《文明》,2018倾情奉献,共九集。涵盖六个大陆,三十一个国家,超过五百件艺术品。主讲人历史学家西蒙·沙玛、学者玛丽·比尔德以及戴维·奥卢索加将一起探索人类创造的渴望。此外,“文明节”将通过创新的数字产品和活动,为博物馆的珍宝赋予新的生命力。热播电视剧最新电影雪行遥远的格桑花离经叛道杀手的自我修养私家侦探贝拉斯科兰谍海风云宅女侦探桂香荡寇风云假面骑士时王:盖茨王权大地情书拒绝末日隐情第一季春日望和安斋由香里的DoYU~NO~theRadio开封降魔记海德、哲基尔与我刺杀敢死队逗逗迪迪之美梦年年我的性爱玩偶世界的胜利女力报到-好运到疯狂创客世外者们小莉莉此心安处完整的爱亲密的搭档无法拥抱的你第二季婚姻故事诈欺刑警你不是犯人

《文明》长篇影评

 1 ) 剧集

01消失文明(克里特迈锡尼)西班牙埃及米诺斯迈锡尼佩特拉三星堆玛雅02雕塑(古希腊罗马)奥尔梅克门农闺秀雕像阿泰米多乌斯木乃伊画像兵马俑拉美西斯二世北方天使视界线帕加马祭坛希腊坛男女画像帕特农神庙健陀罗温克尔曼阿波罗奥尔梅克美第奇维纳斯像帝国化全球化03风景画(文艺复兴宗教改革)巨石半圆山的容姿李成《晴峦萧寺图》乔仲常17世纪波斯地毯达尔埃莱·巴尔巴罗别墅文艺复兴欢乐宫Andrea Palladio威尼斯画派委罗内塞德国《风景与伐木工》Pieter Bruegel荷兰Ruisdael英国John ConstableJ.M.W.Turner美国Thomas Cole哈德逊河画派04基督教狮身人雕像乌尔王军旗英国西尔布利山巨石阵埃及金字塔雅典卫城吴哥窟印度教佛教阿旃陀石窟《本生经》意大利加文那San Vitale church土耳其Sancaklar Mosque伊斯兰书法蓝色清真寺英国博得利图书馆肯尼科特《圣经》《格拉纳达的投降》天主教:埃尔·格列柯卡拉瓦乔委拉斯开兹墨西哥鬼节《新西班牙诸物志》圣母玛利亚崇拜《玛卡雷纳的希望圣母像》最后的晚餐印度威力清真寺英国伊利大教堂圣保罗大教堂05文艺复兴米开朗琪罗米玛·希兰苏莱曼清真寺圣彼得大教堂Donato BramanteBenvenuto Cellini《盐具》佛罗伦萨多纳泰罗《朱迪斯与赫洛夫尼斯》《珀修斯与美杜莎》阿克巴大帝拉合尔城市卡拉瓦乔简特内斯基Velazquez伦勃朗泰姬陵Itimid Ud Daula帝国主义殖民主义16世纪东方装饰艺术06大航海后的全球化17世纪贝宁青铜器伊费蒙特祖玛送给科尔特斯羽蛇神像《佛罗伦丁法典》埃尔·格列柯日本南蛮屏风圆山应举扬·维梅尔约翰·佐法尼威廉·Fraser07颜色全球化18世纪亚眠大教堂沙特尔大教堂圣扎卡利亚教堂乔治亚·贝里尼提香提埃坡罗戈雅浮世绘葛饰北斋德加莫奈马蒂斯马克·罗斯科伊芙·克莱因08工业化文明思索19世纪约瑟夫·莱特德拉克洛瓦托马斯·科尔穿越平民的移民者乔治·凯瑟琳戈特夫里德·林道相机印象派《包厢》莫奈高更0920世纪蒙特里安安塞尔姆·基弗卡拉·沃克艾尔·安纳祖米歇·Rovner

 2 ) 震撼与被震撼

不得不说,只有高度发达的国度才能有这样的能力,这样的气魄拍出这样水平的纪录片。

不囿于本土的文化,不急于证明自己的祖先有多么多么伟大,不标榜自己的“丰功伟绩”,不顾影自怜。

他们将目光投注于全世界、全人类,超越宗教、国度、文化、时间,试图不带偏见地,去欣赏、赞叹、从解读中理解自己,从凡俗中理解不朽。

在这个过程中,我们从多元的形式中窥见了相通的情感,对美的追求,对爱的渴望,对英雄的膜拜,战争的伤痛,死亡的神秘与苦楚,神明赋予的救赎。

最后我们发现,我们之间的共同点比想象中要多得多,而这是对话的基础,是谋求一切全人类福祉的开端。

话语权理该属于能引导这一切的强者,也从来属于这样的强者。

式微的原文明不可避免地需要借助西方的解读理解自身,一味的抱残守缺、偏狭、傲慢,只能加速衰落而已。

正如麦克斯·缪勒所说:“如果只知道一种宗教,对宗教就一无所知。

”如果只了解一种文明,对文明就一无所知。

 3 ) 人类共通的人性之光

第一集创世纪的第二个瞬间。

认知革命,人类开始创造艺术,乐器,雕塑,绘画,城市。

整个就是全世界到处切换啊,中间又见到了帕特拉古城,崛起是因为位置重要,垄断香料贸易。

衰落是因为归入罗马,别的城市成为线路必经之地,这就是帕尔米拉,就是开头文物被破坏,馆长被处死的那个地方。

最后给玛雅文化更多的篇幅,四十多个城堡相互征战,为了竞争,互相之间修建更高更好的金字塔,牺牲更多的人,最后天灾水土流失加上社会动乱,玛雅灭亡。

非常羡慕主持人真全球各地现场参观啊,这个只有大型制作组才有这财力,继续看。

第二集如何自视。

各种人像。

墨西哥奥尔梅克文明的各种小人像,这个后面还会讲到被视为最高成就高价购得的摔跤手可能是假冒的。

古希腊纯真的少女,手握花蕾面带神秘微笑。

中国兵马俑,作为活人的替代品殉葬,埋入地下没有多久就遭到起义军的破坏。

大工厂流水线的产物,最后一步雕琢让每个人都有不同。

这段用的是美丽中国的配乐,好亲切。

埃及拉美西斯二世,这人超级自恋,自己给自己搞个人崇拜,把前面法老的雕像也换成自己的名字。

希腊那种红黑的酒杯,专用于仅有男性的宴会,嗯,促进男性之间的友谊。

对女性的描绘就是多生孩子多纺羊毛。

罗马的阿波罗雕像,这个看着很像大卫。

休息的拳击手,美丽和野蛮可以在同一人身上完美体现,这个在当年是失败品。

第三集风景画。

中国李成的山水画,还有乔仲常画的关于苏轼的,画面中苏轼一手提鱼一手提酒,收藏者说这人多才多艺,还是个厨师,发明了好多菜,感觉收藏家可能是饿了。

巴基斯坦的流水花园,天堂就是有水的地方,斑斓地毯,画面里面出现的编织工都是男性。

意大利Barbano别墅,委托人建造者绘画家都是当时的名人,充满玩乐气氛,太会玩了。

又见到了勃鲁盖尔德画,话说还是这么电视上看画好,局部非常清晰,现场看也没这待遇。

荷兰的风车,上帝创造了地球,荷兰人创造了荷兰,想去看看。

地球的一张蓝色弹珠的照片拍摄于1972年,后来还有一张叫pale blue dot. 第四集神的艺术。

Art is the way to wake up the soul,即使语言不通,艺术也可以表达我们的感受。

lionman的那个作品,竟然需要几百个小时的工作量。

吴哥窟每年两次竟然有这么多人来到现场看完美的瞬间,这里是印度教的神殿。

印度ajanta的神庙,如今应该是已经废弃了,拿着蜡烛走向内部画像像活过来一样,没有顺序,每个人都需要自己探索自己找答案。

那个特别的现代清真寺,真是太强了,用的是默罕默德获得启示的山洞的意向。

蓝色清真寺,规模宏大,富丽堂皇,完全想不到修建于帝国即将崩塌的前夕,其实很可能就是依然要向人民和对手显示,你看我还很牛还可以继续,结果花钱太多说完倒闭。

花体是真好看啊,好费工夫。

西班牙征服了墨西哥,把当地的宗教形象用基督教去替代,巧了两边都认为流血会维护世界平衡,最受欢迎的是圣母。

说到圣母,西班牙本国macarena圣母一年一度的复活真是壮观啊,在现场好多泪流满面的。

说到人像崇拜,没有比印度更广泛的,但奇特的是,完全没有造成困扰,各路神仙和平共处,各司其职,日本也是。

伊斯兰向印度扩张的时候,拆了印度教的很多神庙,毁坏砖上面的画像或者倒过来使用,建立了高达72米的清真寺。

清教徒也同样毁坏过基督教的圣像,到底崇拜的是神性还是形象和物体,究竟从什么时候开始走偏,到什么程度又需要纠正呢。

第五集艺术的胜利。

东方西方走了不同的路,西方更注重个体的表达,东方不需要复兴,因为从来没有断过。

真没想到当年索菲亚清真寺和圣彼得大教堂竟然施竞争关系,基本同时,又都是两大宗教的重点建筑。

米开朗基罗举办感谢工人的宴会,在那个时代非常特殊了。

切利尼的黄金盐盒,书上读到过还被偷过。

美第奇家族还挺记仇,卷土重来以后定做了美杜莎被砍头的雕像,制作过程惊心动魄,效果动人心魄,还让美杜莎盯着大卫的方向,非常想超越偶像。

莫卧尔帝国的阿克巴皇帝,养了一百多位画家,不管什么画自己都是最伟大的那个,嗯,一般都有这个想法。

卡拉瓦乔把圣母拉进了平常人的生活。

那位经历坎坷的女画家,在英国大胆表达了女人也要表达,不要堵住我的嘴。

宫女这个画,前面看书竟然没看懂啊,我记得这画好像委托人不太满意,以及伦勃朗的夜巡,委托人们也不满意,都给了钱,为啥把我画的这么靠后。

现在看来,当年都是极为大胆的形式。

泰姬陵出场,不过要介绍的是比它早十年的另外一座陵墓,是当时的皇后为自己的父亲设计,内部装饰色彩明艳,花朵遍布,确实漂亮。

还是一如既往的喜欢慢动作特写,话说为啥有些画面边缘是糊的,难道是打码,也不像,都是风景不需要打码,可能还是他们觉得好看吧。

第六集初次邂逅。

说的是东方和西方,日本和印度在与西方的交流中产生的艺术。

奇怪,上一集和这一集都没有中国,难道是咱们同一时期没有交流吧。

贝宁的青铜器制造,早期就很发达,如今依然存在,统治者已经是第39代了。

葡萄牙的里斯本是当时的大都市。

日本和葡萄牙的交流,各种其它地区的物产,动物,丝绸,世界各地的人,包括传教士,这引起了日本的恐慌,幕府开始闭关,用宗教茶道教育武士阶层,只留下和荷兰的沟通,因为这家比较听话。

南蛮屏风,荷兰玻璃,都是那个时代的交流印证。

混沌武士里面女主的父亲就是被驱逐的传教士,这片音乐故事都相当赞。

荷兰阿姆斯特坦是当时的国际大都市,自由没有审查还钱多,笛卡尔很喜欢,还有一位女插画家在这里出版了插画,而且还在52岁没有男性监护人陪伴的情况下跑到苏里南继续观察昆虫,回到荷兰又出版了一本畅销书。

用水彩不用油画,是因为当时被禁止,现在看来恰恰是油彩才适合。

Vermeer,差点以为戴珍珠耳环德少女又要出镜了还好没有。

看起来封闭的空间,实际上已经受到了外界的影响和改变,东方的地毯,瓷器,衣物服饰。

英国和印度当地贵族的争斗,推行新古典主义建筑,体现自己的优越感。

荷叶作为时间之轮那个挺特别。

左手放大镜右手画笔,画起来也很累。

第七集光辉颜色。

亚眠大教堂门口那一排排的圣徒和天使,打上彩光衣服上色,如此光彩夺目。

沙特尔大教堂里炫目的宝石,靓丽多彩德彩色花窗,犹如置身天堂的体验。

金青色在可以现代合成之前,价格贵过黄金只能用在圣母身上,可是贝利尼打破了这一惯例,世俗画普通人照用,确实美。

油画最大的作用是颜料干的更慢,可以有更充足的时间调出满意的颜色。

维尔茨堡宫四大洲画的那个,前不久那本书上也有,果然壮观,这富炫的有水平。

戈雅相隔三十年同一地点的两幅画,一个明亮充满希望一个彻底绝望,艺术家对传统古典画的彻底灰心,最绝望的就是一条狗的那个,Dog without master. Spain without God. 日本的浮世汇,葛饰北斋是佼佼者,其画作影响了西方画家。

莫奈就有收藏,还做出了模仿,莫奈对着同一个景象重复画,没有确切的对象,一切都是感受,他画的是时间的颜色。

梵高开始的晚结束的早,他说自己是在给下一个弥赛亚铺路,这就是马蒂斯,开创了抽象画。

咦,这集竟然没有毕加索,可能时长不够了。

中国就出现了一点,红色的漆盒。

第八集进步崇拜。

工业文明提高了生活品质也激发了内心野兽。

上一集说没出现的毕加索在这里,上一集因为时间没到。

1798年拿破仑入侵埃及还带了很多专家去学习,还出版了大号书。

对东方主义的想象,出现了众多东方宫廷生活的绘画,DK的那本艺术有这段的介绍。

德拉克洛瓦的是真好看啊。

欧洲人觉得欧洲已经失去了田园味道到美国去体验,卡兹基尔山的瀑布,并非完全真实而是画家认为它应该的样子。

西进运动破坏了原住民的生活,天命论给白人理由夺走土著的生存空间,凯特林的那些单人肖像看着很有冲击力,但人家原住民艺术家说了,你这就是个商人,我们从来都是群体活动。

毛利人的纹身是为了表达信仰,当年发了财的部落酋长也要花大价钱赶个时髦留下自己的肖像,还真是有用,至今着肖像还在。

1830年左右照相机发明,第一张照片上巴黎大街空空荡荡,只有一个擦鞋的人,书上看到过,曝光时间太久,这擦鞋的是摄影师雇佣的,保持静止。

既然有了相机,那绘画就要做相机做不到的事情,那就是捕捉人类瞬间的情感。

毕加索的亚威农少女竟然画了一年啊,划时代振聋发聩的作品,当年得相当轰动。

高更这人虽然缺点不少,但才华确实惊人。

一战爆发,相机记录了战争的残酷,人性中的野蛮展露无遗,Otto Dix把他残酷的体验画出来,大国的谎言被揭穿,文明工具已经失效,士兵不再是勇士,他们只是受害者,人类的前方难道只剩下绝望和恐惧。

第九集重要的火花。

当人类面对恐惧,什么才是我们的护盾?

Terezin这个地方对犹太人的迫害,受害者留下的4500幅画,张张都是对自由和阳光的向往。

日本直岛那个地底博物馆,第一反应是着嘚多少钱啊。

蒙德里安的那些格子作品,主持人看来异常喜欢,抱歉我还欣赏不来,相比来说还是蔡国强的烟花爆炸来的直白震撼直达人心。

杜尚一切皆可商品。

德国艺术家对历史的反思,不能回避,要全力体会。

美国艺术家walker√种族主义的警惕,两位都对川普很有意见,反暴力。

这一集竟然有两位中国的,另外就是这一集基本都是活的艺术家,太难得了。

文明是人类的共通之光,是每个人留给素不相识的后来人的信息。

 4 ) 『人像艺术 最经得起时间洗礼的艺术形式』

『人像艺术 最经得起时间洗礼的艺术形式』参观或是游览的时间总是会感叹古人的创作力和创造力…他们才是智慧与体力的完美结合…没有科学技术很多工序工作只能徒手完成,但是很多科学成果的最初雏形却来源于他们…千百年来,他们创造的一切传到了现在,有形的无形的皆是……这样的历史供后人观瞻…可是不知道千百年后已经作古的我们能传承哪些有形的无形的历史记忆呢?

 5 ) Memories

E01 Second Moment of CreationExcavations in Iraq in the 1920s and 30s began to reveal how intensive irrigation of the planes between the rivers Tigris and Euphrates had allowed the world's first true cities to arise. By about 5,000 years ago, cities with tens of thousands of inhabitants, such as Ur and Uruk, were reproducing art that reflected the self-image of the powerful. Here is the Standard of Ur where mosaic inlaid in bitumen showed the scenes that mattered most.

The Standard or Ur - Mesopotamia (c.2500 BCE)Soldiers march

war wagons roll,

and on the reverse,

Standard of Ur - reverse sidea court convenes with the kind depicted larger than his priests and courtiers,

ranged below the catering classes, the toilers and hewers.

It's a complete social world, and it came with writing. These scripts usually recorded administrative matters, but sometimes told the stories of heroes and deities. And animals continue to provide the models for gods and monsters.

The Ram in the Thickets - Ur, Mesopotamia (c. 2600 BCE) - front

The Ram in the Thickets - Ur, Mesopotamia (c. 2600 BCE) - sideThis gorgeous goat, also from Ur, drew materials from far and wide.

The Ram in the Thickets - Ur, Mesopotamia (c. 2600 BCE) - sideWhite shells were from the Red Sea, the blue lapis lazuli from far Afghanistan and the gold leaf was the work of local goldsmiths.

The Ship Procession - Akrotiri, Greece (1550 BCE)

The Ship Procession - Akrotiri, Greece (1550 BCE) enhanced versionThese passengers aren't going to the afterlife, they're on ferries and festival excursions.

And on the land behind them, there are streets with multistorey houses, and in the richer of them, decorative paintings of the kind consumers would want forever after.

And yet in the British Museum, there's a little bronze sculpture, that's pulsing with natural energy that feels absolutely true to life.

Bull and Acrobat - Minoan Crete (c. 1600-1450 BCE)

Bull and Acrobat - Minoan Crete (c. 1600-1450 BCE)What strikes me as being physically real is the fact that this is not a stylised piece of work at all. It has physical immediacy. Even though our jumper has lost his legs, his back is braced, his head is flung back. And the bull, the bull is indeed a bull in full charge - front and back legs tensed. The eyes, you can actually see the eyes, are blazing, and the muzzle is snorting with dangerous foam. E03 Picturing ParadiseWhen your world is collapsing, when everything is closing in, what you want is to be somewhere else. Somewhere you can breathe in peace. A scrap of beauty, far from the noise and ugliness. But, if there is no escape, then you go there in your dreams and you paint that landscape into existence.

Mu Xin - Pure Bamboo by a Cool Stream (1977-79) (its full-size are not available for download)This is what happened in China in the 1970s to the artist Mu Xin. During MZD's CR, he was an obvious target. Middle-class, intellectual, a lover of decadent, Western art. Mu Xin was subjected to solitary confinement, forced labour and then house arrest. But the paper supplied for weekly confessions became the material of his liberation.

Mu Xin - Ancient Road at Shanyin (1977-79) (its full-size are not available for download)

Mu Xin - Ancient Road at Shanyin (1977-79) (its full-size are not available for download)Mu Xin broke out of his confinement by making visible, albeit in deadly secrecy, the landscapes which unfolded in his mind. The art memory of China, its peak and its valleys.

Mu Xin - Wandering in a Dream to West Lake (1977-79) (its full-size are not available for download)the Art Gallery in YaleThe culture which had given the rest of the world, 1,000 years before, true landscape art. While everything else was being smashed up, he was determined that art - now judged a reactionary crime - would survive. Like nature itself, landscape art has always been an antidote to the anarchy wrought by the hand of man. Yet it's rarely a depiction of the way the world is, but a vision of the way we would like it to be. Sometimes it delivers a sense of harmony between nature and humanity. Sometimes, it a picture of a nation's home. Sometimes, it's a dream of heaven writ in fabric or glimpsed through a lens. But, most of all, it's a way to understand our civilisation and to behold that most terrifying and thrilling of all truths - our place in the cosmos. ......"The nation is broken, but mountains and rivers remain." Those words could have come from Mu Xin in the 1970s, but, actually, they were written 1,000 years earlier. In the early 10th century, China was torn apart by endless civil war. As feuding states vied for power, they burned cities and towns and slaughtered their people. Yet it was out of this anarchy and chaos that the Chinese tradition of landscape painting first blossomed as the great subject of ar

Li Cheng - A Solitary Temple Amid Clearing Peaks (10th century)For the Song dynasty, who finally triumphed in the year 960, landscape art represented both a glimpse of a better world and a means to unite this shattered country.

I am looking at a document that attests to a profound alteration in human sensibility because it was in Song China that, for the first time, landscape painting with ink and brush became the true and absolute sign of what civilisation was, both for those who practised it and for those who owned these precious scrolls. This painting is more than 1,000 years old. And it's thought to be by one of the first truly great landscape artists, Li Cheng. Dominating the scroll are mountains, symbols of the Song dynasty. The biggest, most imposing peak is the Emperor, the lesser peaks are his ministers. Li Cheng's message is that this is the protecting force beneath which China can recover its harmony and rebuild its civilisation.

He's an absolutely brilliant painter of human activity, from a man on a donkey to people having their meal, to perhaps dumplings being cooked in the back kitchen there.

And this bottom half of the scroll is crowded, not just with people, there are all sorts of things going on. This is our world, this is the place we inhabit.

This is more than mere propaganda. Li Cheng asks profound questions, which go to the heart of our relationship with the world around us. As our eye ascends through the painting, so our whole approach to it also ascends to a higher order of question.

Right in the visual centre of this beautiful painting is the temple itself, and the temple is almost more important than the whole mountain. It is the place of equipoise, the place of peace.

Above the temple, there is no human action at all, and Li Cheng has changed the wash of the ink.

It's lighter, finer, more ethereal. So this is a borderland between the human and the spiritual world, and gradually we move up and face the greatest of all. What is nature? What lies beyond surface appearance? What truly moves the universe? And how, above all, does the dialogue between flowing water and the adamant free of that eroded rock bring us harmony and bring us what everybody in China wanted - happiness and peace?

Li Cheng offers us a glimpse of who we are by linking the comings and goings of our little lives to the majesty of the cosmos. And that sense of fit between things mortal and things eternal fills the mind with the ancient Confucian sense of rightness. Everything in its ordained place. This is how life is supposed to be. So powerful was the message that, within a century, landscape art had sunk deep roots into the culture of Song China. New painting academics flourished where it was practised. Weighty tomes were written about its philosophy and technique. To be Chinese meant to be civilised and to be civilised meant to paint, above all, landscapes. ......This handscroll was painted by the artist Qiao Zhongchang. It was based on one of the most famous Chinese poems, written by a government official, a man of culture and refinement, called Su Shi. Su Shi had been exiled after a political purge and spent his days writing about excursions he took with his friends up the Yangtze River.

Qiao Zhongchang (960-1127) - Illustration to the Second Prose Poem on the Red Cliff - Left 1st

Qiao Zhongchang (960-1127) - Illustration to the Second Prose Poem on the Red Cliff - Left 2nd

Qiao Zhongchang (960-1127) - Illustration to the Second Prose Poem on the Red Cliff - Left 3rd

Qiao Zhongchang (960-1127) - Illustration to the Second Prose Poem on the Red Cliff - Left 4th

Qiao Zhongchang (960-1127) - Illustration to the Second Prose Poem on the Red Cliff - Right 3rd

Qiao Zhongchang (960-1127) - Illustration to the Second Prose Poem on the Red Cliff - Right 2nd

Qiao Zhongchang (960-1127) - Illustration to the Second Prose Poem on the Red Cliff - Right 1stHere he is carrying fish and wine as his wife sees him off on the journey.

We turned the boat loose to drift with the current. All around was deserted and still. A lone crane flew overhead.

The painting evokes both the pleasures of friendship and the melancholy of the exile.

.A dream, but one with a bittersweet taste. ......But landscape painting wasn't always about escape. Sometimes, artists captured the violence of history. 200 years after Su Shi wrote his poems, China's Song dynasty had fallen to Mongol invaders. The painter Wang Meng refused to serve the Mongol emperors, preferring to retreat to a very particular place, his family's estate in the Qingbian mountains. Those mountains became the subject of his greatest painting.

Wang Meng - Dwelling in the Qingbian Mountains (1366)When you're in the presence of a bona fide masterpiece, which this is, words somehow struggle to be formed. But I will do my best. Not least because this is an extraordinary painting because it belies all the pleasing stereotypes we have about Chinese landscapes. When you think of Li Cheng, you think of that first generation of northern Song painters and it is all about feeling protected by the Imperial mountain. None of this is happening with Wang Meng. This is, above all, a painting about turbulence. It's full of a kind of restless, writhing, sensuous, intense energy. There's a reason for this turbulence. By the time he painted this, Wang Meng's family mountain retreat was right in the middle of a battlefield fought over by armies 200,000 strong.

But the reality was marauding and massacre.

These are not mountains which protect us.

Instead, they trap and threaten us.

Here is a man beautifully painted picked out with a conical cap, which is a cap of this particular region. And it's echoed by the shape of the peak. So, you think the man belongs to the mountains, but the man has nowhere to go. There are paths which make no sense at all. He moves his way through scrubby pines. Wang Meng has lit this dramatically to make it more difficult, to make it more exciting, to make it more perilous and energised. Eventually, we see one isolated, tiny figure, alone.

And this huge orchestration, musical energy, these animated, pulsing rocks, look as though they're about to topple down on him.

What's happened to landscape painting in the hand of Wang Meng is that it's gone from being not just a place of calm, but to an intensely personal expression of his own mood and his own feeling of insecurity. So, everything that is coursing through the imaginative energy of the artist gets registered in these sudden, jabbing repeated strokes. This, then, is a state of mind rather than a state of the mountain.

If this painting depicts Wang Meng's deepest anxieties, then his sense of foreboding was well-founded. Shortly after completing it, he fell victim to his political enemies and died in prison. E07 Radiance

Vincent Van Gogh - Starry Night Over the Rhone, 1888 With this epiphany in mind, Vincent gathered all the intensity of his spiritual longing into one all-consuming obsession - how to bring heaven to earth and turn it into a painting. So on a warm night in September in 1888, he comes down from his little apartment in Place Lamartine in Arles and goes around the corner and he sees this (Vincent Van Gogh - Starry Night Over the Rhone, 1888). Great expanse of the River Rhone with the city of Arles reduced to a little rim of human activity, lit by rather sulphurous gas lights. And somehow, this amazing moment speaks to him that he can actually do this cosmic painting. And he creates a king of compositional double trinity. The first trinity is of land and water and sky. And the land is this little spit of the bank with those very Japanese boats tied up in the harbour there.

Then comes the river and then comes the burning night sky, delivered in great pulsing brushstrokes of heavily-loaded aquamarine.

And the three of them, land, water and sky, are all melting and dissolving together.And the second trinity, the one which really was most important, was that of light. The gas lamps are just indicated by a kind of stab of crusty, dark yellow. And then those gas lamps are reflected in the second element of the trinity lights. Beautiful reflections which soften their harshness.

And these kinds of fans of heavily-loaded brushstrokes just fall into the water.

And the third level of the lights is Ursa Major exploding in the sky. Taking his brush, he squashes it against the canvas, and on top of that, another brush loaded with lead white, and the points go, jab-jab-jab-jab-jab!

And those stars and everything explodes, and he knows he's got it. He's got what he's been looking for. He's got this extraordinary sense of us in the universe and this couple of lovers are staring out, feeling what he wants us to feel.

He said, you don't need to go church. The church of the day is this. This great illumination, like a burst of beauty from a stained-glass window. This is the radiance of here and now. E08 The Cult of ProgressBut Napoleon's invasion had had another purpose - not only to uncover the secrets of ancient Egypt, but also to impose European civilisation on the living, contemporary Egypt. Armed with a library of books and a printing press, Napoleon wanted to re-educate an Islamic world that Europeans had long seen as the enemy, a civilisation they considered to have lost its way. Ultimately, Napoleon's occupation would fail at the hands of the British. But, in a curious twist, Europeans became increasingly obsessed with the very culture Napoleon had tried to change. Or more accurately, their imagined fantasy of what that culture was. Soon artists began to travel throughout the Islamic world to paint the exotic places and people they encountered.

Eugene Delacroix - Women of Algiers in their Apartment 1834This is the painting that inspired an entire genre of 19th century European art - Orientalism. It's the work of the French artist, Eugene Delacroix who painted it in the 1830s, after he'd actually gone on a visit to Algeria, which had recently been conquered and colonised by France. And this is the first real serious attempt to portray ordinary life in the Islamic world.

But like many of the Orientalist paintings that were to follow, not everything about this is what it seems. Now, Delacroix claimed to have based the composition on a visit he'd made to an Arab household in Algeria, but it would've been extremely unusual for a male stranger to be given access to the women of an Arab household, so there's every chance that these women are in fact Jewish.

And there are other elements of this painting which were either fabricated or embroidered by Delacroix. So the painting was completed in Paris using exotic costumes, and the models are Parisian models.

And this figure of the black servant or perhaps black slave was of Delacroix's invention.

So what seems like a real scene is in fact a Parisian revelry of a supposed exotic sensuous world that didn't exist in Europe. Yet in Delacroix's gifted hands, there is a subtlety of shade and colour that was rarely achieved by the generation of Orientalist painters he inspired. Many Orientalists invented scenes that revelled in the decadence and despotism that Europeans considered being oriental qualities. Concubines languishing in hidden harems, naked female slaves for sale in busy markets.

Jean-Leon Gerome - The Slave Market 1866Orientalist themes became so popular that Ingres, master of the classical nude, set one of his greatest works in an imagined women's bathhouse, even though he'd never been to the Middle East.

Jean-Auguste-Dominique Ingres - The Turkish Bath 1863These were European fantasies, and they suggest a desire to escape the turmoil of life in industrial Europe. As the Industrial Revolution gathered pace, Europe's cities began to change beyond all recognition. To begin with, few saw the emerging factory landscapes as a worthy subject for art.

J.M.W. Turner - Dudley, Worcestershire (c.1832)But the British painter Turner did. In his view of Dudley, in England's industrial heartland, he juxtaposed the old town on the hill, its ruined castle and church steeple, symbols of tradition and faith ...

... with the blazing furnaces and busy canals of the modern age.

The great thinker and art critic John Ruskin saw in the picture an indictment of how the old way of life being destroyed by the factory and the machine.

 6 ) 只看到十分钟的地方就已经被征服

BBC在2018播出的纪录片Civilization绝对是当之无愧的鸿篇巨制。

制作团队的视野之宏大,在开篇就一览无遗。

讲述文明,竟从讲述文明如何被残酷地毁去开始。

伊斯兰国占领古城巴尔米拉之后,大肆摧毁遗迹和文物。

这些先人的智慧结晶,经住了千百年来自然与人类战火的考验,却在恐怖分子的铁锤下毁于一旦。

巴尔米拉博物馆馆长,81岁的哈立德·阿萨德,因为拒绝透露古城艺术品的隐藏地点,被斩首示众。

为了起到恐吓作用,恐怖分子甚至把他的残躯挂在信号灯上,头置于两腿之间,并在一旁告示上将他称为邪神的崇拜者。

讲述文明,为何要从一段刚发生不久的鲜血淋漓的历史开始?

主讲人之一西蒙·沙玛的一段话说出了原因。

"We can spend a lot of time debating what civilisation is or isn't, but when its opposite shows up in all its brutality and cruelty and intolerance and lust for destruction, we know what civilisation is. We know it from the shock of its imminent loss as a mutilation on the body of our humanity. The record of humanity brims over with the rage to destroy. But it's also imprinted with the opposite instinct - to make things that go beyond the demands of food and shelter, things that make us see the world and our place in it in a different light."

 7 ) Notes-Episode 1:THE SECOND MOMENT OF CREATION 创世纪的第二个瞬间

BBC civilizationsEp1I’ve always felt at home in the past. For after all, what is the present except an endless chain of memories? Some of them are translated into stone. We are all the inheritors of those memories, and we look after them as best we can. All this ,so we can pass on their revelation to the future.A lot of us spend our days talking about are. I doubt very many of us are prepared to lay down our lives for it. We can spend a lot of time debating what civilization is or isn’t, but when it’s opposite shows up in all its brutality and cruelty and intolerance and lust for destruction, we know what civilizations is, we know it from the shock of its imminent loss as a mutilation on the body of our humanity.The record of human history brims over with the rage to destroy. But it’s also imprinted with the opposite instinct, to make things that go beyond the demands of food and shelter, things that make us see the world and our place in it in a different light. We are the art-making animal and this is what we have made.THE SECOND MOMENT OF CREATION by Simon SchamaSouth Africa’s Cape CoastAfrica, where Homo sapiens first evolved about 200,000 years ago.evidence of human habitation strentching back around 100,000 years.A piece of red ochre, a mineral naturally rich in iron, etched in a diamond pattern一块刻有钻石形花纹的赭石was discovered,77000 years old.---发现最早的装饰性图案the oldest deliberately decorative marks ever discovered.Design announces the beginning of culture.

EI Castillo Cave, Spain Hand Stencils (c.37,000 BCE) signalling from a very long way off, but this long-distance greeting somehow makes us bond with the makers of this because they establish a presence that is palpably alive. (遥远的哭声?

)Hand stencils like these have been found in caves as far apart as Indonesia and Patagonia.Undeniably, these hand stencils do what nearly all art that would follow would aspire to.First, they want to be seen by others, and then they want to endure beyond the life of the maker.In northern Spain, extraordinary paintings of bison野牛壁画(毕加索喜欢画牛,可能源自这些壁画,但没有证据证明他看过,coincidence?)有壁画的地方可能是教堂或者寺庙。

在冰河世纪壁画有仪式的功能,人们到这里来祈祷祭拜并把场景记录在壁画中。

It ought not to be seen as art. Though, of course, religion has been a primary purpose of art.冰河时期壁画不应被看做艺术,但宗教是艺术的最初目的。

German cave最早的雕塑非洲Drakensberg Mountains, South Africa壁画里出现了人,但欧洲出现了三维的人像The fragments of this lion-man, carved from mammoth ivory, were found in a German cave made between 35,000 and 40,000 years ago. They remained an unsolved puzzle for 30 years before archaeologists realized that they formed a single figure.

Picasso bought a copy of Venus of Lespugue,《莱斯皮盖的维纳斯》and kept it in his studio all his life.

La Dame de Brassempouy《布拉桑普伊女士》Found in a cave in south-west France in 1892,between 22,000 and 25,000 years old.We have the revelation of the human face. Now we are not supposed to say, us amateurs in this field, we’re not supposed to talk about art, we’re not supposed to talk about things like the birth of a refined sensibility. With this tiny piece from Brassempouy, it seems to me that we have, right in front of us, the dawn of the idea of beauty. (美学概念诞生前的黎明amazing!!!

)

The standard of Ur, Mesopotamia(c. 2500 BCE) (乌尔军旗)

The Ram in the Thicket Ur,Mesopotamia(c,2600 BCE) (灌木丛中的公羊)

Bull and Acrobat Minoan Crete(c.1600-1450 BCE) (米诺斯文明克里特岛 公牛和跳牛者)现存大英博物馆

Combat Agate Sealstone Pylos,Greece(c.1500 BCE) 战斗玛瑙印章 希腊 皮洛斯时代We see the long hair flowing free that would have been combed before battle. We see a sword lying on the ground exactly like the swords discovered in the grave. This is the first sight scene in all of European art, in all of world art. There are occasional moments of combat and battle. In other cultures but they’re very stylised, but they are flat, they don’t feel like the smash of bone and bronze and metal and the spout of blood, this does.

三星堆 中国Abundance of masks It’s been suggested that some of the masks might have been used in rituals(降灵仪式) by impersonators of the dead.

Petra ,JordanCivilization is always a balancing act. There may be enemies at the gates, there may be enemies within the walls, and sometimes the very landscape and climate in which a culture grows must be conquered.

Calakmul, Mexico

All civilizations want what they can’t have—the conquest of time. They build higher and grander to escape mortality. It never works. There’s always an ending. Cities with their markets, temples, palaces and tombs are simply abandoned and that great leveler, Mother Nature, closes in, strangling the place with vegetation, covering it with desert sand. It might seem, that it’s all for nothing, but that’s entirely wrong. All these ruins, all these remains are monuments to human creativity, human ambitions, human hopes. Monuments to shaping hands and shaping minds. Monuments to humanity itself. --END---

 8 ) 第九集 Vital Sparks(人性的花火)

What can art do when horror comes calling?当恐怖来临时,艺术能做什么?

What can art do when civilisation itself is lost?当文明自身迷失时,艺术能做什么?

捷克的特雷津集中营(Theresienstadt),曾在包豪斯学习过的Friedl Dicker-Brandeis来到这里当了孩子们的艺术之母。

战后有4500幅作品在布拉格犹太博物馆(平卡斯会堂,Pinkas Synagogue)展出。

富有飞翔之梦,水下世界,想象中流动着光与风的世界,火车是现实中的死亡天使,幻想中有山有树的拼贴画。

Each picture defies the dehumanisation.Each picture also begs a larger question. What was art to do in the face of a century of total war and genocide.艺术究竟是富人的玩物,茶余饭后的谈资,还是生活必需品?

日本直岛町的地中美术馆(日本企业家福武总一郞),对这个问题有了禅意的回答,回击了日嚣尘上的消费主义和城市中非人的冷漠。

作品包括:莫奈的睡莲,James Turrell的淡蓝色和开放空间Piet Mondrian,皮特-蒙德里安,作品:1910年的《韦斯特佩勒的灯塔》;1909《沙丘之五》(Dune V);1914年以后的抽象画,仅以横线和竖线画就的《码头与海洋》(Pier and Ocean);到达纽约之后的三幅,《红黄蓝黑的构成》,Broadway Boogie-Woogie和Victory Boogie-Woogie,画风简单又大胆。

Composition with Large Red Plane, Yellow, Black, Gray and BlueJackson Pollock,另一部纪录片《美国艺术》也提到的,谈论美国艺术绕不开的画家,滴画者dripler Jackson。

与威廉-德-库宁(作品《抽象》)、李-克拉斯纳(作品《庆祝》)等一同被誉为英勇的先驱者。

浮华的美国生活:安迪-沃霍尔《金色的玛丽莲-梦露》,马塞尔-杜尚《喷泉》,伟恩-第伯《蛋糕》,安迪-沃霍尔《金宝汤罐头》,贾斯培-琼斯《三面旗》,伟恩-第伯《口红》——波普艺术。

...a wallowing in the junk from which art was supposed to redeem us.艺术本应是救赎,而这是源源不断的垃圾。

James Rosenquist,詹姆斯-罗斯基斯特《F-111》。

安塞尔姆-基弗在战后废墟中成长,作品:飞机残骸(铅制),行为艺术Occupations(占领),Walhalla(瓦尔哈拉神殿),Bose Blumen(愤怒之花),Nigredo(黑化),Iron Path(铁轨),Arsenal(兵工厂)。

对遗忘发起战争。

德国历史:Casper David Friedrich,《雾海上的旅人》(Wanderer Above the Sea of Fog)。

卡拉-沃克,剪影图描绘奴隶制的暴力:《毁灭的欢喜烈士》《非洲/美洲》《微妙》/《神奇的糖宝宝》,巨大画作《耶稣进入新闻世界》(Christ's Entry into the Journalism),使人回忆起1810年弗朗西斯科-德-戈雅的《战争的灾难》。

加纳艺术家艾尔-安纳祖,金属片镶嵌画,Gravity and Grace。

蔡国强,爆炸,《天堂情结》。

艾未未,《法船》,Law of the Journey。

以色列艺术家Michal Rovner,动态画《无题》《黄色追踪》《涂浮》《瑞泽夫》,描绘居无定所的人们,祷告的人们。

《玛康》,place,居所。

Great art collapses the time and space separating us from its moment of creation. It gives us pause. It makes us reimagine the world in countless, unanticipated ways. That's why even amidst our modern, hepped-up lives of digital swipes and flickering screens, we find in art something that can't be found anywhere else, a rush of delight that somehow also connects us with the enduring and the profound, and that's why people come in their millions to see it in galleries and museums.伟大的艺术自诞生那一刻起就把分割我们的时空壁垒打破了。

它为我们带来暂停。

它让我们以无数种无法预知的方法来重新构想这个世界。

这就是为什么即使处在这个充斥着电子图片和闪烁屏幕的狂躁现代,我们仍能在艺术中发现其他地方发现不了的,即以某种方式将我们与永恒而深刻的东西连接起来的喜悦之情,这也是为什么会有数百万人涌入画廊和博物馆去参观的原因所在。

 9 ) 《文明》观后感

让我透彻的了解到中国文化与历史,也知道了许多著名的艺术家与他的作品。

从各个方面体现出了“文明精神”,给海内外的人们留下了深刻的印象。

文明是我们中华儿女的传统精神,我们应该将这只能给精神永远传承下去!

文明可以拉近我们人与人之间的距离,成为朋友。

有许多奇形各异的雕像引入我的眼帘,让我印象深刻,每个雕像都有它自己的历史与故事背景。

 10 ) 观看笔记

EP1 创世的第二个瞬间(文明诞生)2015年,叙利亚的贸易之城巴尔米拉被ISIS攻击,前任博物馆馆长哈立德阿萨德为保护文物被枭首。

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~人的创造力始于非洲,20多w年前智人第一次进化。

南非海岸角岩洞

10w多年前的鲍鱼壳,盛放人造颜料或防晒等

赭石,菱形图案,7w5k年前蚀刻符号与“认知性革命”时期相符:智人革命性发展的大跨越,文化的开端。

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~西班牙北部,埃尔—卡斯蒂略洞3w多年前,赭石上的刻痕变成绘画,原始符号大量出现,颜料含在嘴中与唾液混合喷到岩石上。

红色手印(约3.7w年前),印度尼西亚和巴塔哥尼亚地区也存在。

洞穴岩石上的动物绘画,如牛和马。

巴勃罗·毕加索的11幅公牛图受此启发。

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~澳大利亚旧石器时代洞穴人工制品,乐器(长笛、管乐器、牛吼器)牛吼器:绳子+木块,抡转起来有声音红点早期绘画—狭小空间后期绘画—开阔空间—举行仪式绘画+音乐~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~南非,德拉肯斯堡山脉布须曼人文化,狩猎采集为生,创造性意识

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~法国国家考古博物馆圣日耳曼—昂莱,巴黎近郊

布拉桑普伊夫人美的最初呈现——布拉桑普伊夫人,发现于法国南部洞穴,有着2.2w-2.5w年历史的女性头像,人脸刻画,猛犸象牙原料,燧石制作~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~约旦,艾因—加扎尔约旦河西岸,杰里科地区1w年前出现人工种植谷物和灌溉技术文明依赖于实用器物的发展,如烹饪的陶器~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~“文明的摇篮”——今伊拉克境内,古巴比伦,美索不达米亚平原,两河流域,底格里斯河和幼发拉底河流域两河流域继承了约旦的技术,于约7k年前最早建立起城市,如乌尔和乌鲁克(Ur、Uruk)

BC2500,美索不达米亚——乌尔军标社会等级分明,苏美尔人,吉尔伽美什~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~穿过西奈沙漠,埃及纳拉姆辛石碑,纪念碑,供奉逝者的黄金艺术埃及,卢克索

图坦卡蒙黄金面具,BC1330~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~BC2000,希腊克里特岛—米诺斯(航海文明)

希腊 阿克罗蒂里——渔民(壁画),BC1600克里特岛——克诺索斯王宫

格里芬,鹰头狮身有翼神兽,王中之王

希腊大陆人建造迷宫,弥诺陶洛斯的栖所,牛头人身怪兽克里特岛,伊拉克利翁博物馆

青铜艺术品与壁画描绘BC15世纪的跳牛表演米诺斯文明中,公牛是克诺斯统治者,政治权力的象征,如跳牛的金戒指

米诺斯文明遍布爱琴海沿岸,圣托里尼岛,用壁画装饰阿克罗蒂里城,描绘财富和航海文明

船队行进(壁画)阿克罗蒂里,希腊,BC1550BC1627,圣托里尼岛阿克罗蒂里毁于火山爆发,亚特兰蒂斯的创作灵感,米诺斯文明陨落~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~希腊大陆—迈锡尼文明内斯特宫,荷马史诗伊利亚特,国王内斯特迈锡尼人建造此地,希腊语通过迈锡尼人的线性文字B演化而来,奠定西方文明神话基石

青铜武装的武士激发荷马史诗灵感迈锡尼文明诞生很大程度上受克里特文明影响,如金戒指宏伟狮门,阿特柔斯金库

阿特柔斯金库~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~约旦——佩特拉古城

纳巴泰人建造,BC4世纪迁居至此,最初是放牧骆驼、住帐篷的阿拉伯游牧民族岩石上凿出的沙漠商贸之城,地形主宰一切香料贸易2k年前,乳香和没药是仪式和典礼的必需之物,成为非洲和波斯的热门贸易乳香,没药,干燥树脂,只生长在阿拉伯半岛特定区域熟悉沙漠的纳巴泰人成为商人的向导,垄断了香料贸易,成为香草之王佩特拉非全年干燥,冬季短暂降雨和洪水,纳巴泰人建蓄水池集水,水渠运水,花园之城3w居民,各地移民(埃及、叙利亚、犹太、罗马、希腊等)波斯人的paradisia,天堂之境国际大都会对纳巴泰母神神秘到抽象的表现,希腊人对酒神狄奥尼索斯的崇拜

基督教波及中东,拜占庭风格的镶嵌画

希腊风格的柱顶饰象头,仅在佩特拉可见AD106,佩特拉并入罗马帝国罗马贸易路线走叙利亚北部的巴尔米拉AD7世纪,穆斯林入侵佩特拉已因地震变成废墟~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~中国西南部四川——三星堆文明,3k年前青铜器,大眼大耳

铸造技术和黄河河谷地区类似,存在文化交流中国古代存在平行发展的文明,多元文化并存~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~墨西哥热带雨林——玛雅文明,1500年前

卡拉克穆尔卡拉克穆尔,蛇国,玛雅历史上最强大的城邦5w人口,6k+遗迹,纯人力建造公共空间与艺术强化亲缘认同层级分明的建筑表明统治关系演出平台的巨型金字塔结构—城市剧场墨西哥人类学博物馆的石雕像国王尤考姆·图克·卡维尔,于AD702-AD731统治卡拉克穆尔,其名字“卡维尔”是玛雅闪电之神

卡维尔陶瓷人物、器皿、壁画的表情各异,人类艺术创意大爆发

玛雅象形文字玛雅拥有共同语言,但无政治统一,40个城邦为争夺最高统治权而战争不断玛雅历法“长计历”long count,预言2012.12.21为世界末日~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~洪都拉斯——科潘古城400年之久的玛雅王朝

科潘古城

科潘象形文字梯,64级台阶,记载王朝历史和统治者更迭玛雅金字塔的新建筑建在旧建筑之上,如千层糕,因此可以通过内部隧道发掘更古老的建筑

科潘最大金字塔(随葬庙)内的牌匾,AD445,纪念科潘古城创建者国王,Kinich Yax Kuk Mo,翻译为青绿咬鹃金刚鹦鹉,blue green Quetzal macaw.AD8-9世纪,玛雅文明陨落,谜。

共同作用结果,如干旱、森林采伐、社会动荡、统治者奇观误国。

—————————————————————EP2 人像艺术

—————————————————————EP3 世间天堂(风景艺术)

《巨石,半圆山的容姿》安塞尔·亚当斯1927美国加州,约塞米蒂/优胜美地国家公园Yosemite世界最伟大的风景艺术作品之一

《冬日风暴散去》19441950s,安塞尔·亚当斯的摄影作品成为美国西部的标志性象征~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~AD10世纪,中国五代十国导致画家追求平静的山水风景画李成(第一代山水大师)《晴峦萧寺图》体现万物和谐

李成《晴峦萧寺图》宋AD960,通过这种新艺术形式来维护价值观中国山水画自成一体,AD11世纪“炁”,自然的能量在世界流转,赋万物以形、以生发手卷——可手持欣赏的山水画,一手收一手放,穿越时空的电影式体验

手卷~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~巴基斯坦,拉哈尔,伊斯兰世界《古兰经》:天堂是坐落在山坡上的花园,拥有可供人休憩的凉亭,长满果树和花卉。

“下有流水,称之天堂”。

帕里代扎pairi-daeza,意为封闭的花园,英文paradise来源穆斯林统治者,如莫卧儿,建宫殿和凉亭以风景装饰织毯上的花园和花卉图案织毯技术起源于2k多年前的中亚地区,伊斯兰文化使之成为艺术形式摩洛哥,丹吉尔伊斯兰织毯禁止使用人物图案

伊斯兰地毯黄金时期—17世纪丰富的图案主题动物装饰,自然中的美好象征

伊甸园与花园~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~意大利,威尼托大区巴尔巴罗别墅villa Barbaro威尼斯政治家Daniele Barbaro,达尼莱埃·巴尔巴罗和建筑师Andrea Palladio安德烈亚·帕拉迪奥于1549年花了12年改造绘画由意大利艺术家Paolo Veronese保罗·委罗内塞,真假门窗的视觉玩笑

意大利艺术家Paolo Veronese保罗·委罗内塞的绘画农舍、图书馆、画廊、沙龙结合,文艺复兴时期文化教养理念+乡野之趣,优雅和谐乐趣神性与人性的结合,突出对凡人的关注改变对于“花园是一种罪恶(伊甸)”的认知

巴尔巴罗别墅villa Barbaro

巴尔巴罗别墅villa Barbaro15世纪中期,欧洲经历瘟疫与动乱,巴尔巴罗别墅是逃避现实,自我放纵的贵族田园式幻想~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~德国,巴伐利亚风景艺术与民族意识,风景的地域感

Albrecht Altforfer阿尔布雷希特·阿尔特多费尔大多绘画主题为宗教场景,矮树丛取代宗教,后转以自然为主题

风景与伐木工,1522,最早严格意义的风景画,以自然为主题此时期,德国分裂成十多个公国,天主教徒和新教徒关系紧张,战争不断;同时德语者共同的历史和身份认同感增强宗教改革兴起,阿尔特多费尔是天主教徒,为避免矛盾用风景画作为伪装的宗教画,新艺术形式诞生16世纪早期,印刷技术革命,大量版刻木刻,扩大艺术受众,阿尔特多费尔运用风景unite20世纪,柏林墙,德国再度分裂,公共艺术品

非常艺术的柏林墙~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~尼德兰地区(荷兰),佛兰德风景画大师,Pieter Bruegel彼得·勃鲁盖尔

雪中猎人,1565阿尔卑斯与佛兰德村庄结合的复合景观圣诞但阴郁、疲惫、漫长

人类的整体境况,我们存在其中的独特小空间

1569,其故乡安特卫普,落入西班牙天主教政府军队之手,宗教裁判所(inquisition)入驻;北方新教反抗,低地国家一分为二;漫长战争,荷兰共和国诞生~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~17世纪,荷兰风景画将打造民族认同感作为重点围海造田,比姆斯特尔1607-1612被改造为富饶牧场

雅各布·范·雷斯达尔van Ruisdael,埃克河边的磨坊,1670土地上的阴影,右下角的女人,云端开口和磨坊翼板,十字架和上帝之光照耀而下,拯救危难时刻的荷兰人(被英法等国围攻)~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~英国,19世纪上半叶,透纳和康斯特布尔并称为“真正使英国风景画摆脱荷兰、法国或意大利绘画影响而走上自己独立道路的两个人”

约翰·康斯特布尔John Constable工业化时期的风景画科学好奇心+对迅速城市化的工业社会的批判,形成了“浪漫主义”运动

约瑟夫·马洛德·威廉·透纳Joseph Mallord William Turner

精细的自然环境表现寓言式的宏伟斗争,隐喻欧洲文明遭拿破仑战争蹂躏sublime attribute,崇高特质——任何能引起害怕和激动的事物或经历~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~美国托马斯·科尔Thomas Cole受透纳塑造人类命运的巨大力量带有的崇高感影响,描绘美国的荒野

科尔画作的成功,启发了哈德逊河派的风景艺术家流派哈德逊何派风景画艺术家弗里德里克·埃德温·丘奇Frederick Edwin Church,追求美洲大陆伟大自然奇观的恢弘描绘,表现美国式sublime

美国的风景自豪感来源于与18、19世纪欧洲比较的自卑

哈德逊河画派以及其他深入西部的艺术家,率先使用光色主义技术luminism,光色主义使用灯光效果和隐秘笔触,创作出的绘画非常精细,得益于摄影技术~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~故事起点,美国,约塞米蒂国家公园20世纪20年代起,安塞尔·亚当斯坚持认为摄影是一种艺术:从看到的图像逆向操作,预测光线和物体能在亮度最高时看到的时刻,之后按下快门,重现美景

1960,肯尼迪当选总统呼吁开拓新边疆,亚当斯出版《This is the American earth》,人与自然接触得到拯救,成为环境保护论的先驱1977,探索号航天器,携带储存地球及其居民的形象和声音的金唱片发射升空,包括亚当斯的摄影~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~美国当代杰出风景艺术家,理查德·米斯拉克Richard Misrach选择的主题为人们忽视、放弃、滥用的风景,废土风,自然世界与文明世界的碰撞

坚持一种风格形式,但接受技术创新,尤其是色彩使用。

其对现实主义和规模的使用,部分为了追求the bigger sublime of things

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~cosmic sublime

最早地球变成风景的例子, 1972.12

暗淡的蓝点 the pale blue dot

宇宙摄影也受到(浪漫主义/哈德逊河画派)艺术的影响

—————————————————————EP4 神与艺术(宗教艺术)西班牙,蒙特卡斯蒂略洞穴monte castillo红色圆点、手印、几何图案、动物,4w多年前“岩画艺术的西斯廷教堂”~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~德国南部洞穴

狮头人雕像,BC3w5k-BC4w,燧石刀雕刻猛犸象牙而成的最早超自然想象作品人从石器时代的洞穴到陆地生活,半人半兽形象变成神灵

农业社会后,艺术与死亡有了紧密联系,如美索不达米亚的乌尔王陵、古埃及,保存祖先形象,留住死后灵魂

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~英格兰

锡尔伯里山Silbury hill,BC2400,史前人造土丘

巨石阵stonehenge,BC2500~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~天然和人造的高山、丘陵常被看作圣地,能与天堂接触的地方

埃及,红金字塔,BC2600雅典卫城,最神圣的宗教场所之一,2500年前幻想,波塞冬三叉戟

古希腊,雅典卫城,BC600柬埔寨,吴哥窟Angkor Wat印度教庙宇,始建于AD12世纪高棉文明时期Khmer Civilization春分日,吴哥窟主塔和黎明太阳重合

吴哥窟Angkor Wat五座塔尖代表神话中的须弥山,即印度教中的宇宙中心3k个印度教天女雕像,1k多米浮雕讲述毗湿奴神的故事初衷是宣扬印度教,后成为佛教圣地

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~印度,马哈拉施特拉邦佛教起源于印度,最早的佛教寺院阿旃(zhān)陀石窟,Ajanta caves,BC200-AD600BC200始建,那时佛教与印度教类似BC200-AD600僧人住处,AD5世纪左右被废弃开凿于印度西部的石壁上,禅室和寺院构成的复杂迷宫

阿旃(zhān)陀石窟,Ajanta caves,BC200-AD600佛教教义:跟随自我感受,忠于自我,头脑清醒,自然而然地爱别人,爱人和其他生物壁画无开头结尾,以片段形式混杂,观者必须自己找到迷失走向觉悟的道路

阿旃陀石窟壁画源自《本生经》,讲述去释伽牟尼脱离尘世成佛的故事

《轮回》桑吉塔·阿布依,2016~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~意大利,亚得里亚海岸同时期,早期基督教信仰面临哲学难题——耶稣基督有双重本性意大利,拉韦纳Ravenna圣维塔莱教堂San Vitale的图画解释该问题

圣维塔莱教堂圣维塔莱教堂,AD550,罗马神庙遗址上建成,风格彰显基督教征服罗马异教徒,强调基督信仰至高无上作品为黄金镶嵌,该艺术形式源于罗马异教徒,后由基督教会采纳完善耶稣画像在此的描绘方式是为永久解决其神性的争论——耶稣三个不同形象,完美统一呈现。

半圆形殿中耶稣画像没有胡子,年轻耶稣,上帝之子

天花板中央的画像,将耶稣描述为“神的羔羊”,耶稣作为祭品为人类赎罪

入口顶部的画像,有胡子的老年耶稣,全能耶稣,与God别无二致结论:耶稣是神~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~中世纪初期,基督教遍布小亚细亚和地中海世界,填补了西罗马帝国灭亡以及对异教神质疑的信仰空白。

基督教和艺术关系变化:当一神取代众神,艺术被看作对上帝权威的挑战;犹太《旧约》、基督《新约》警告人们不要创造偶像。

AD7世纪,一种新的亚伯拉罕宗教在麦加诞生——伊斯兰教,改变了亚欧非三大洲版图,重新确立艺术与宗教关系。

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~土耳其,伊斯坦布尔

桑贾克拉尔清真寺,Sancaklar Mosque,2012现代主义建筑风格,伊斯兰教探索文字与形象新型关系的现代范例内部空间让人想到希拉山洞,伊斯兰圣迹之一。

位于沙特阿拉伯王国麦加城近郊4公里处的光明山腰,为一狭窄石灰岩自然凹洞。

相传,公元610年9月,40岁的伊斯兰先知穆罕默德在此山洞静修时,天使吉卜利勒将造物主安拉的启示(al-Wahy)传达给了穆罕默德,后被整理成《古兰经》伊斯兰是一种“没有艺术”的宗教,禁止刻画真主、先知和其他一切生物,只有真主才能创造。

内部唯一的人造形象是书法,引自《古兰经》,意为“记住你的主”,该词的神圣性成为伊斯兰教艺术的核心

书法不同于耶稣,穆罕默德是凡人、使者,传达《古兰经》Koran.AD9世纪,一次关于伊斯兰教起源的争论,两派别之争。

一个保守,一个受希腊哲学影响深。

前者认为《古兰经》是真主的教导,后者认为《古兰经》是被创造出来的。

前者占了上风。

那时起,《古兰经》中的语句大量出现在建筑上,提醒人们神的存在。

书法:伊斯兰教认为语言位于形象之上,使得书法这一艺术形式发展,区别于其他对立宗教。

伊斯兰教艺术家一般不在自己作品上签名,才能不属于自己,而来自于真主。

蓝色清真寺Blue Mosque蓝色清真寺Blue Mosque土耳其,伊斯坦布尔,AD1613奥斯曼帝国苏丹艾哈迈德一世建造,1616完工当时奥斯曼帝国在西部战线与东部和伊朗战线都惨败,艾哈迈德转移人们注意力,彰显强大最后一座大清真寺,最豪华

内部《古兰经》文字无处不在,词语成为形象

内部~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~英格兰,博德利图书馆希伯来文《圣经》,肯尼科特,1476,犹太书吏,在卡斯蒂利亚王国(西班牙)编制

希伯来文《圣经》,肯尼科特,147615世纪末,该复写本违反告诫,刻画生物基督教、穆斯林、犹太教传统都在这里繁荣~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

格拉纳达王国Granada是伊比利亚半岛Iberian Peninsula上最后一个摩尔人Moorish王国,1492年向天主教西班牙投降同年,哥伦布发现新大陆,西班牙军队前往淘金,墨西哥成为梦想之地西班牙对美洲的统治,使之成为世界最大帝国

反宗教改革的巴洛克艺术捕捉到的艺术形式

埃尔·格列柯El Greco

卡拉瓦乔Caravaggio

委拉斯凯兹Velazquez西班牙试图抹去一切墨西哥土著文化和宗教,但墨西哥过去的艺术和创造冲动留下微弱痕迹墨西哥亡灵节The day of the dead曾是阿兹特克人Aztec的节日,天主教传教士试图将其融入万圣节中墨西哥是狂热的天主教皈依者,原为阿兹特克臣民,想获得自由

两种宗教皆认为,流血能够救赎并更新世界:阿兹特克神需要人的血液,基督上帝为人类献出血液墨西哥人寻找天主教形象替代物——圣母玛利亚,生育是这一宗教的核心信仰对耶稣生母玛利亚的崇拜在西班牙也狂热起来,尤其是17世纪,反对新教的反宗教改革力量逐渐强大~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~西班牙南部,塞维利亚Seville巴洛克艺术表现的重要中心之一17世纪塞维利亚诞生另一形象,这一偶像对信徒的主宰力仍有争议马卡雷纳教堂Macarena,圣母玛利亚雕像

《马卡雷纳的希望圣母像》佩德罗·罗尔丹1670,哀悼耶稣之死

眼泪是玻璃,头发是真发,肉体是木头,修女为之换衣塞维利亚受难周Holy week,复活节前一周耶稣受难日午夜过后,受难周达到高潮,圣母恩典游行拉马卡雷纳La Macarena是文艺复兴鼎盛期的传统在现实中的生动表现,艺术家以更自然质朴的方式,利用宗教形象的力量,使其有一种呈现感

《最后的晚餐》,达芬奇,1497存在问题:崇拜者崇拜的是什么?

形象之上的圣母玛利亚概念?

/雕像本身?

塞维利亚教会权威意识到偶像崇拜的危害,提倡节制,谴责过度放纵,对信仰和偶像崇拜界限保持警惕。

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~印度,德里偶像崇拜的国度the home of idolatry,以人类形象表现神灵AD12世纪初,印度次大陆出现新传统,反对偶像崇拜威力清真寺,德里第一座庙宇,AD119227座被拆毁的印度教和耆那神庙的遗址上建成建造者是12世纪占领印度北部的穆斯林军队中央砖塔高72.8m,世界此类型建筑中最高

威力清真寺,AD1192~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~偶像崇拜与偶像破坏:拉马卡雷纳在天主教的西班牙首次展示的10年后,清教的英格兰对“天主教偶像崇拜”发起大规模攻击

英格兰,伊利大教堂Ely Cathedral7世纪起的朝圣之地,中世纪后期哥特式建筑16-17世纪,存在教义分歧的新教徒和天主教徒争夺英格兰控制权新教对其破坏,名为摆脱天主教偶像崇拜教堂在维多利亚时代得到修复~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~重新解释传统宗教艺术形式:英格兰,伦敦,圣保罗大教堂St.Paul‘s始建AD604,17世纪末重建,350年历史

圣保罗大教堂St.Paul‘s视频艺术在圣保罗大教堂比尔·维奥拉&基拉·佩罗夫夫妇,“视频时代的伦勃朗”

殉道者们,2014

玛利亚,2016~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~朱利安·布雷顿Julien Breton与伊斯兰教义学Kalaam

义学的飞翔,2017融合摄影和涂鸦,通过词语和图像的一种独特、短暂、透彻的伊斯兰教融合方式,将日常空间变为圣地

—————————————————————EP5 文艺复兴世界文艺复兴The world Renaissance:15、16世纪,圆顶建筑随处可见,人类正在成为自身宇宙的中心,艺术家开始效仿古典成就。

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~AD1550,罗马的米开朗基罗和奥斯曼帝国伊斯坦布尔的米玛·希南Mimar Sinan争夺同一份荣誉,超越神在世间最伟大居所的圣索菲亚大教堂。

圣索菲亚大教堂Hagia Sophia,伊斯坦布尔古希腊东正教大教堂,AD537奥斯曼土耳其人于1453年占领君士坦丁堡后,将其改为清真寺

基督教与伊斯兰教文化冲突激发创造力~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

苏莱曼大帝

苏丹禁卫军

米玛·希南Mimar Sinan小时候被苏丹部下带走,从基督教改信伊斯兰教,征召进苏丹禁卫军,成为军事工程师,后受命建造一座承载苏莱曼大帝之名的清真寺——苏莱曼清真寺,将圣索菲亚大教堂踢下神坛

苏莱曼清真寺奥斯曼土耳其遵循伊斯兰教逊尼派教义,反对任何歧义,苏莱曼清真寺内部明亮宽阔~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~意大利,罗马圣彼得大教堂,基督教教会最伟大的标志,重建工作开始

AD4世纪,罗马皇帝康斯坦丁下令建造圣彼得大教堂,天主教会旗舰15世纪,摇摇欲坠文艺复兴时期的多纳托·布拉曼特Donato Bramante,承担重建任务,但未能见到其心目中的圣彼得神龛放大继任者米开朗基罗Michelangelo,希望catch up with苏莱曼清真寺的进度

米开朗基罗1552年,圣彼得大教堂重建完工,米开朗基罗为施工者举行宴会

圣彼得大教堂圣彼得大教堂穹顶高136m,高于圣索菲亚大教堂和苏莱曼清真寺米开朗基罗被尊称为“圣者”

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~意大利,佛罗伦萨本韦努托·切利尼,渴望被认可为艺术家的工匠

佛罗伦萨当时最受推崇的是多纳泰罗的青铜像《朱迪斯》,圣经中的女英雄,手中是敌军将领赫罗弗尼斯的首级,位于佛罗伦萨市政广场上,庆祝推翻美第奇家族专制

近一个世纪后,科西莫·德·美第奇当上公爵,庆贺家族重回权力巅峰,下令建造一个雕像,男英雄斩首女怪物切利尼采用整体锻造,病重时工作《柏修斯与美杜莎》

美杜莎的眼睛正对着米开朗基罗的大卫像,石化——切利尼想要超越米开朗基罗现代中的美杜莎

孔雀石雕刻~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~东方,巴基斯坦,拉合尔艺术融合方面最具代表性:印度,莫卧儿王朝时期莫卧儿王朝初期最伟大帝王(第三任),阿克巴大帝Akbar,中亚血统蒙古大汗成吉思汗后人与帖木儿汗血统,富有

阿克巴大帝阿克巴在印度古城遗址上重建拉合尔,1584确立为自己的都城,将印度教寺庙与波斯清真寺建筑风格融合,形成当今经典印度风格

绘画风格改变:曾经完全用于表现重大历史事件和神话,变得更有自然主义的意趣莫卧儿绘画有时被称作微缩画,但不准确。

绘画图册阿克巴统治“包容”:多种文化元素融合阿克巴之子贾汗季Jahangir,意为世界的掌控者,喜欢艺术讨厌战争,以超越父亲为目标,减少资助画家数量,参与制作,使莫卧儿艺术的美与优雅达到新高度

细微的阴影效果,单根毛的笔勾勒微小细节,为贾汗季风格的微缩画赋予了三维立体感,解构画法

贾汗季接见苏菲派的谢赫(虔诚信徒),下面是奥斯曼帝国的苏丹、英国国王詹姆斯一世和比奇特画家本人表现绝对王权,对宗教精神追求,世界性

贾汗季的马赛克mosiac瓷砖壁画,拉合尔城墙世界最大的壁画,17m高,450m长融合欧洲天使、中国龙、波斯马赛克壁画~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~东西方差异:社会条件不同西方靠资助推动艺术发展,画家作品互相竞争,提高声望,推崇个人成就和个性化创作东方统一集权制国家,仅靠皇帝资助,画家地位低下,更明确地控制和规范艺术创作~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~打破规则的人:1)米开朗基罗·梅里西·达·卡拉瓦乔Caravaggio肉体真实感,而非来自遥远天堂

17世纪初罗马,新的视觉革命罗马,圣阿戈斯蒂诺教堂St.Agostino

《罗莱托的圣母》the Madonna Di Loreto2)阿特米谢·简特内斯基Artemisia Gentileschi打破时代最深层艺术禁忌的女性画家,强烈自然主义色彩,色情暴力

被导师强j,上法庭,受恶名困扰在罗马工作,去了佛罗伦萨、那不勒斯,最后去了英国,为查尔斯一世作画

英国时期的自画像,被查尔斯一世买下阿特米谢突破性的自画像,反对塞萨尔·里帕的寓言中人物绘画时不能说话,未用布将嘴封起来,反对陈旧观念——女人只有在别人问话时才能说话,彰显女性权利。

3)迭戈·委拉斯奎兹Diego Velazquez西班牙,马德里服务于西班牙的菲利普国王最激烈的反抗——艺术应该脱离庸俗,使现实更美丽

《宫女》为晚期作品该幅画颠覆资助者与艺术家的常见关系,画家是主宰者观赏者被设定在国王的位置上,改变了绘画创作方式4)伦勃朗·哈尔曼松·凡·莱茵Rembrandt van Rijn荷兰黄金时代最伟大的画家荷兰共和国,阿姆斯特丹与西班牙长期战争后,荷兰自由,阿姆斯特丹成为欧洲最富有最国际化的城市

《夜巡》1642(日常惹恼甲方的画)据说只有鼓手免费画的脱离大部分画作的两维维度,电影动感,伦勃朗的明暗法,从暗影走到明亮空间,声音喧嚣的自由、欢乐的自由宣言,关注艺术更关注世界伦勃朗的作品被视为北欧文艺复兴运动的开端17世纪30年代,随着荷兰的贸易扩张,莫卧儿规范细致的绘画也出现在荷兰,伦勃朗被吸引

1631自画像17世纪50年代,随着荷兰东印度公司在印度贸易扩张,伦勃朗临摹莫卧儿绘画原作

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~17世纪中期,欧洲对艺术家崇拜狂热,东方无名工匠对完美追求更高印度,阿格拉

泰姬陵Taj mahal阿克巴皇帝的孙子,沙·贾汗Shah Jehan为死去的妻子泰姬·玛哈尔Mumtaz Mahal建造

道拉陵墓Itmid Ud Daula ,泰姬陵的灵感来源,比泰姬陵早十多年,莫卧儿王朝第一座伟大陵墓设计者为女子,贾汗季的皇后奴吉汗Nur Jehan为其父亲,贾汗季的近臣建造完美的内部,色彩艳丽,天堂花园,永恒春天

道拉陵墓内部后经西方殖民,东方精美艺术成为西方人的饰品,被西方艺术评论家称为“东方装饰艺术”,区别于欧洲视为真正艺术的装入画框的绘画。

—————————————————————EP6初次邂逅(文化融合)

—————————————————————EP7 光辉(色彩艺术)

—————————————————————EP8 进步崇拜(工业时代的反思)

—————————————————————EP9 重要的火花(现代艺术)

—————————————————————结语:These are things that have been made by the liberated thought, the acute vision and the unquenchable created fire of our shared humanity.

《文明》短评

这名字带有误导性。虎头蛇尾。低于比比西纪录片平均水平。

6分钟前
  • 格伦夏尔
  • 还行

我过去是怎么被这种又臭又长、夹带私货的BBC纪录片骗了的。

10分钟前
  • 杨清嘉
  • 较差

stunning history of civilisation,everyone was and is part of it

15分钟前
  • 绿小草
  • 力荐

不敢相信这么优秀的纪录片只有两千人评分?!

16分钟前
  • 🐟
  • 力荐

感觉也没吹的那么神,文化背景还是会对观赏造成一定的阻碍,例如说,基弗的作品我也近距离看过,真的欣赏无能。总而言之,正如宣传片所言,以艺术为载体,去感知文明存在的轨迹?

18分钟前
  • 五杀摇滚吉他手
  • 还行

文明不是只有艺术啊,起这么个大的标题。。

23分钟前
  • 耶贝喃
  • 还行

恶补文化课。

25分钟前
  • 李德必胜
  • 推荐

看完四集。质量下降感明显。隔了好久来补充:实在不想看了。

27分钟前
  • 已注销
  • 还行

其实是西方艺术史,夹杂了少数其他地域的艺术形式解读。就事论事,文艺复兴以来,西方在各领域的成就傲视宇内,但文明=艺术吗?是文明⊇艺术吧!扣一星拉点平均分,太特马虚高了。

28分钟前
  • 奔跑的猪
  • 较差

看了好久啊。当作学习来看的确有收获,不过后面感受到BBC对别的强权的批判而不提British给别人带来的伤害的确有些难以信服。

30分钟前
  • 力荐

因为秦始皇和木心这个纪录片有了底线,也仅仅做到了这个底线。就像解说词对于风景画一样,对非地中海的其他文明的解读,除了时间年表和人物姓名之外,其他的解说词就和西蒙镜头前手舞足蹈的肢体动作一样夸张和自以为是。此谓:一本正经的扯蛋。西蛮。

33分钟前
  • 泥巴
  • 还行

各种族文化剖析。

38分钟前
  • 沉默的导航
  • 推荐

人类之所以为人类

43分钟前
  • Nemooo
  • 力荐

BBC纪录片总会给人一个错觉,就是看完了之后自己就是内行了

45分钟前
  • 张宝根
  • 推荐

挺无聊

48分钟前
  • 纬线
  • 还行

“我们可以花上许久来争论,什么是文明,什么不是,但当文明的对立面将其全部的粗暴与残忍、狭隘与毁灭欲展现在我们眼前时,我们便知道了文明为何物,从文明即将丧失的震惊中,从人类整体被摧残的事实中,我们知道了文明的含义。所有的文明都渴望一件不可及之事——征服时间。他们建造更高更宏大的建筑以逃避消亡的命运,但从未成功过。万物皆有终结,城市连带着它们的市场、寺庙、宫殿和坟墓最终被遗弃,然后,一视同仁的、伟大的自然母亲便降临了,植被将其覆盖,黄沙将其掩埋。看起来所有这些都是无用动,但是这就大错特错了,这些遗迹和废墟都是丰碑,彰显人类的创造力、雄心壮志以及美好希冀,是为巧手和匠心而立的丰碑,为人类自身而立的丰碑。”

50分钟前
  • 康报虹
  • 还行

有人在记录解读人类文明,有人在摆拍吃食推广微商生意。文化自信!

54分钟前
  • !
  • 力荐

bbc教人如何跪着看系列

59分钟前
  • shiptriptosee
  • 力荐

浮光掠影,主观私货太多。

60分钟前
  • 超鱼
  • 还行

有太多束手束脚的东西,甚至是混乱不清的逻辑。坚持看下来完全是因为B站的弹幕吵架实在太秀了。

1小时前
  • 格鲁吉亚日青蛙
  • 还行